Peer-To-Peer versus SIP

P2P versus SIP - Confronto tra i protocolli usati nei sistemi di comunicazione Over IP

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The advantages offered by the audio and audio / video communication over IP, compared to traditional analog systems, are now universally recognized: one for all the reduction of the costs and the installation times that you can obtain thanks to the possibility to share the LAN with other systems and to use existing networks

When you have already available a LAN that is used to manage the computers, the automation of the production lines or, in the security field, the access control, the video surveillance, the burglar alarms you can install simply and quickly an intercom system, a video door entry system, a public address system or an emergency call system simply by sharing the network with the existing services.

Most systems available today adopt or a SIP protocol (Session Initiation Protocol) or a P2P protocol (Peer to Peer) ; the first is substantially the protocol used by most part of the telephone exchanges, such as the popular Asterix, while the second is the one used in the exchange of files and the direct communication between computers such as occurs in Skype.

Today many of the systems available on the market use the client-server architecture that leverages the SIP protocol for communications management. These systems require a communications server on which the individual apparatuses register themselves and that handles the communication between the different client: the connection request is sent to the server and then the server routes the call to the apparatus intended to receive it by putting in communication the two terminals.

Ultimately it is only the SIP server that is familiar with the complete architecture of the system and, consequently, is only thanks to the server that it is possible to establish the connection between two apparatuses. It is therefore evident how the server represents a critical element in the overall architecture so that in the systems that require an high degree of reliability (for example the emergency call systems) is often prescribed to adopt a redundant server.

Alternatively you can use systems based on Peer-To-Peer protocols (literally "as an equal") that are server-less protocols (they do not require a server or a central unit) where each apparatus (Peer) has the ability to connect directly to the apparatus with which it must communicate without the intervention of any intermediate device such as, precisely, the server.

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